When calculating Slovakian taxable income, assets owned by an enterprise are normally depreciated over their normal useful life using the straight-line method or by using an accelerated method. Whichever method is chosen may not be changed for an asset. It is not mandatory to depreciate an asset each year.

The rate of depreciation using the straight-line method is based on the useful life provided in 6 asset categories. The categories for various asset types include:

Category 1 - Cars, office equipment and computers, hand tools	4 years
Category 2 - Combustion engines, most production line equipment, furniture	6 years
Category 3 - Electric motors, turbines, air-conditioning systems	8 years
Category 4 - Metal buildings, boats, trains, certain industrial machines and equipment	12 years
Category 5 – Buildings not covered under group no. 6 and engineer’s sites not included in other depreciation groups	20 years
Category 6 – Administrative and residential buildings, hotels and buildings for culture, education, health, and public entertainment	40 years

In general, if an asset's acquisition value does not exceed EUR 1,700 or has a useful life of a year or less, it may not be depreciated. Component depreciation is possible subject to the previous condition.

From 2012, taxpayers may prorate the depreciation amount based on the number of months between when the asset was acquired and the end of the tax period.

Accelerated Method

When using the accelerated depreciation method, the standard useful life of the relevant category as above is used in the first year of depreciation, which is prorated based on the number of months in the year from the acquisition date till the end of the tax period. In subsequent years the standard useful life is increased by 1, and the written-down value is multiplied by 2.

The amount of depreciation may not exceed the actual acquisition cost.

Intangible Assets

Intangible property, such as trademarks and patents, can be amortized over their normal useful life according to accounting principles when the acquisition cost of the assets exceed EUR 2,400.

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