Brazil has published Complementary Law No. 194 of 23 June 2022, which provides that goods and services related to fuel, natural gas, electricity, communications, and public transport are considered essential and cannot be subject to higher state value added tax (ICMS) rates. As such, supplies of these goods and services may not be subject to ICMS rates higher than the general/standard rate, which generally limits the ICMS rate to a maximum of 17% or 18%, depending on the state.