The Court was asked to determine whether S-Co had a deemed permanent establishment under Art. 4(3)(b) of the treaty which provides that there is a deemed permanent establishment "if substantial equipment is being used in that other State (Australia) by, for or under contract with the (Singapore) enterprise". It was agreed that the ships were substantial equipment.
The Full Federal Court ruled, in a judgment delivered on 29 April 2005, that there was a deemed permanent establishment becau…
