On 5 December 2018, Kazakhstan's lower house of parliament (Mazhilis) approved the pending income tax treaty with Croatia. The treaty, signed 5 June 2017 by Croatia and 29 September 2017 by Kazakhstan, is the first of its kind between the two countries ({News-2017-12-27/T/5-previous coverage}). It will enter into force 30 days after the ratification instruments are exchanged and will apply from 1 January of the year following its entry into force.